Pancreatitis is a pathology in which inflammatory and degenerative changes develop in the pancreas.When exposed to certain etiological factors, the process of synthesis of proteolytic enzymes is activated, which leads to damage to pancreatic cells.This article indicates the main clinical manifestations of this pathology, as well as the features of dietary nutrition as an important element of complex therapy.
Pancreatitis Clinic
Pancreatitis is characterized by sharp, severe pain, which, if not treated in time, can cause the development of pain shock.The painful sensations are localized in the pit of the stomach or have a ringing character.The inflammatory process in the pancreas causes hyperthermia.In addition, changes in blood pressure (hypo- or hypertension) are observed and the patient's general condition deteriorates.It becomes pale and the skin then acquires an earthy gray tint.In cases of cholecystitis and pancreatitis, jaundice may be observed due to compression of the bile ducts by an enlarged gland.
Patients also report dry mouth.They have hiccups and belching, and nausea begins to bother them.In the acute period, constant vomiting is observed.Loss of electrolytes leads to clammy sweat, shortness of breath, and a yellow coating on the tongue.The stools become foamy, with food particles and a foul odor.Sometimes, on the contrary, constipation and flatulence are recorded.Symptoms of pancreatitis also include the appearance of bluish spots around the belly button.With the development of the pathological process, the patient's condition worsens and therefore he must be immediately transported to the hospital.
Treatment of pancreatitis
If the disease worsens, the patient is hospitalized.The treatment regimen includes antispasmodics, drugs that eliminate vomiting, diuretics (they prevent swelling of the pancreas and help to quickly remove excess enzymes from the body), painkillers, enzyme inhibitors and antibiotics are prescribed for purulent pancreatitis.In the future, vitamin therapy is carried out to strengthen the body.
In case of acute inflammation and severe vomiting, patients are prescribed fasting.It is allowed to take only mineral water or rosehip decoction.In the future, low-calorie foods will be gradually introduced into the diet, excluding foods that can stimulate the production of gastric juice and gas formation.
Therapeutic diet
It is developed depending on the patient's condition.The diet when acute inflammation subsides includes the following:
- providing the body with physiological levels of proteins, lipids and carbohydrate compounds;
- increase the amount of vitamins;
- reduce the amount or completely eliminate substances that can irritate the intestinal mucosa;
- complete refusal of smoked, spicy, salty, alcoholic, seasoned and canned foods;
- a diet for pancreatitis involves chopping or grinding food, the temperature of which should not exceed 60 - 65 ° C, that is, mechanical and thermal irritation of the digestive organs should be eliminated as much as possible;
- meals should be frequent, but always in small portions;in case of severe pain, therapeutic fasting is authorized within 1 to 2 days;
- for pancreatitis and gastritis, refusing to eat can reduce irritation of the mucous membrane.
Authorized products
If the pancreas is damaged, patients' diet may include:
- from dairy products - kefir, non-acidic cottage cheese and yogurt;
- lean meats (chicken, rabbit, veal) in the form of soufflé or puree;
- zander, pike, cod (light varieties);
- grated vegetables, which must first be boiled or baked;
- crackers or lightly dried bread;
- vegetarian soups;
- steamed omelets;
- for patients with pancreatitis, it is allowed to consume olive oil and fat butter;
- Recommended cereals are oatmeal, buckwheat and semolina;
- as a fruit, you are allowed to eat unsweetened baked apples;
- The best drink to drink is rosehip infusion.
When the inflammation is eliminated and the clinical manifestations of the disease disappear, the diet is slightly expanded.
Example menu
In chronic pancreatitis, the menu may look like this:
Option 1
- 200 g of mashed potatoes with meatballs (100 g), 200 grams of grated rice porridge, tea;
- 100 g of cheese;
- vegetable puree soup with crouton, steamed meat soufflé, 200 g buckwheat porridge;
- protein omelette at the rate of 110 g, steamed, compote;
- 250 g of fish roll and tea;
- curdled milk (about 200 ml).
Option 2
- boiled fish, mashed potatoes and tea, to which you can add milk;
- 100 g of cheese;
- oatmeal soup (about 250 g), as well as meat soufflé (100 g), steamed with mashed potatoes;
- egg white omelet;
- cottage cheese soufflé;
- a glass of curdled milk.
Option 3
- soufflé with oatmeal and meat, tea;
- cheese;
- soup with oatmeal and meat cutlets (110 g) with mashed potatoes, baked apple;
- egg white omelet;
- meatballs (110 g), carrot puree;
- curdled milk.
Diet meals should contain animal proteins, as they are easily digestible, and fats and carbohydrates should be reduced to a minimum to protect the pancreas and restore normal digestion of food.
When pancreatitis becomes chronic, diet can be considered the basis of effective treatment.It is important to eat enough protein foods.It is advisable not to stew or bake meat dishes, but to boil or steam them.Low-fat fish dishes are also prepared in the same way.
Milk can sometimes be poorly tolerated, so it is recommended to add it only to cooked cereals and drink it in its pure form in the amount of no more than half a glass per day.In addition, the diet should not include meat and fish broths, garlic and onions, cabbage and radishes.Rye flour products are also prohibited.
What should the calorie content of dishes be?
Every day, patients should receive about 350 g of carbohydrates, including 40 g of easily digestible sugar.The total energy value of foods consumed during the day should be on average 2600 kilocalories.To correctly calculate the calorie content, there is a special table that indicates the name of the product, its content of proteins, carbohydrates and fats, as well as the number of kilocalories.It is with its help that the daily diet of patients suffering not only from pancreatitis, but also from other diseases requiring proper dietary nutrition is developed.
Traditional methods of treatment
Among traditional medicines, the following are considered the most effective:
- Potato juice.You need to drink half a glass of it two hours before meals, wait 5 minutes and accompany it with a glass of kefir.The treatment should last 14 days, after which you should take a break for 10 days and repeat the use of the product.
- It is recommended to drink 100 ml of Brussels sprout juice three times a day for 30 days.
- An infusion of dill and cumin turns out to be useful.
- It is useful to drink mumiyo solution every evening for 10 days in a row, one hour after eating (calculated at the rate of 2 g per 3 liters of water).
- For 6 months, in case of chronic pancreatitis, it is recommended to take 20 drops of propolis tincture (10%) in the evening, after dissolving them in 100 ml of warm milk.
To prevent the progression of pancreatitis, folk remedies based on medicinal herbs are used.Calendula flowers, marshmallow root, cornflower leaves, bean pods, calamus root, wormwood herb and mint leaves are mainly used.
The following remedy will help speed up your recovery.You need to pass a kilogram of lemons, parsley roots and garlic (300 g each) through a meat grinder, mix everything and leave the resulting mass for two weeks, after which you start taking a teaspoon.For chronic pancreatitis, it is also recommended to grind chicory root, pour boiling water over it, boil it, then cool it, filter it and drink it in small sips.
In addition to the above remedies, patients are recommended to do special exercises that have a positive effect on the pancreas.You need to inhale and exhale, hold your breath and gently pull your stomach in, then relax the muscles of the abdominal wall.After that, you need to inhale and exhale again, hold your breath and strongly inflate your stomach, then relax.Exercises should be performed while lying down three times a day, performing 3 to 9 repetitions.Such breathing exercises improve blood circulation and promote the flow of digestive juices, thereby helping to prevent the development of pancreatitis or its exacerbations.
It should be remembered that in case of acute pancreatitis, you should not resort to traditional methods, since the patient should receive immediate medical assistance.Otherwise, the disease can be fatal.